Apparatus for writing chinese.



Hymn. 'APPARATUS FOR WRITING CHINESE.

{APPLICATION FILED APR-17, 191$.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET flemewm-Wh H. CH]. APPARATUS FOR WRITING GHINESL APPLICATION- FILED APR-17.1915.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

9 @men Jerma n; snares arana. ea.

nnunn cm, or new yam, n. 52., ASSIGNOR TO T E nnrunnrc or cnrim.

To all-whom it may concern:

' stopping,

ba d kind of-star, 1 I; and b .Be it known that I, HEUnNCHna citizen of the Republic of China, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and'State- .of New York,have invented certain new and useful provements inf'APParatds for) Writin Chinese, of following is aspeci cation. 1 7 'My invention relatesto a system"of-"ar-v ranging' and separating certain ;'Chinese charactersinto new and novelradicals, and. combining said radicals so as to form vari- Specification of Letters Patent.

APPARATUS iron WRITING CHINESE.

and Fig. 7, a View showing the position of the same radicals when combined.

Referrlng to the several views, particu- Patented Mar. as, was. Application filed April 17, 1915. Serial No. 22,021. Y

larly Figs. 1, 2 and'3, the numeral -5 indicates a cylinder mounted on a spline-shaft 6'journa1ed in suitable bearings in the sides "17,7 of the frame. The cylinder5 has a rotary and a longitudinal movement on; its

-shaft, the' rotary-"movement, in either direction, is accomplished by a hand-wheel 8.

thejfour' radicals indicated by. the numerals- '1, 2-, 3, and 4' and applying'.to; .each numeral a letter of the English alphabet, (there being-no Chinese alphabet'), for instance, a;

-representing'the numeral 1; b the numeral}? 2; c the numeral 3, and (i the numeral- 4, they can be so arranged and combinedas reform 3.

seven words or sentences," as follows-r j aand b-. (1..an d .comb1ned',]forms a and c (1 and 3) -.-o1d man,-

3 a and' d (1 and 4e) i"-combined, forms a (2nd :2 garn al l forest,

tree,

" of the seven stars,

0 and (Z 5(3 and combined',

-' brightness.

4 By adding 0116.51 two more f radicals twenty or more wordsjca'n be formed.

g In practising my invention I may uselfthe j- .writing or printing.-n'iach-ine' illustrated the accompanying drawing;. in.jwhich Fig- 55 the position of several uncombinedradicalg,

ure- 1 is a front view; Fig ;2-,. a' central,

y. me, but also the .sep'arationand :gombinationi of the radicals forming the Chinese char;

"actersnowinuse. 'f' f-E' The radicals .whichfI-have devisedhum-.1 I vber 1327, but by including in diiferent di -rections right or left, fgup-for down' theywill number 1720',"and .can be arranged, to form thousands of words, for example, take ide and 3 I .a Ma a.was..

bars. 11, ll, "abut, .sollthata movementof i'ingly."-.mr

' umeral-16indicatesf a second cylins fder rotatably mountedon ashaft 17 jour- .jnaled :insmtable bearings in the sides of he I the 'frame,;iand iis designed to be rotated synchronously; with the cylinder 5, by means of -"ajsuitablegearing comprising --a gear- -wheel 18, mounted; on one end' of .the shaft 6, a'.sim'ila r. wheel 119imounted on one end offth'e "shaft l7,land -.-a-n intermediate idlere '65 Arranged on the cylinderare four thousand, ytwo hundred Chinese characters, including filly-thirteen hundred and twenty-seven radig ca'ls a fewjof which are shown, as will be} hereinafter more fully described.- The lon;

gitudinal movement of thecylinderris ac-. v complished' by a key] 9, which comprises an. "inwardly-extending "bar 10 provided with oppositely extending shifting bars. 11, 11:, continuing in downwardly-inclined bars 12', l2 and terminating in-hubs l3, l3- slidahle .on'ajshaft llfixed in the sidesof the frame. The. respective ends'ofthe 'cylinder are-prof videdwithflang'es 15, 15, againstwhich the th'e key 9', a right orjleft direction, will 1 the cylinder on the shaft 14 accord-1 .5'pinion-20'mounted-ona short stud 21, saidj 1 pinion being-in. mesh with the. wheels 18 I ,and 19, soithat by turning. the hand-wheel .8,;,:motion is .in u}' arted to the wheel 19, "through the medium off'the pinion 20, and

thereby. tothe""cylinder 16. The cylinder 16 is provided with radicals and characters similarto-those on the cylinder 5, encept that the characters and radicals on cylinder 167-willbe arrangedjinreverse order, so that reach i O SE ylinder 16 will register with 'eachlin -i 1 1- '}Centrally' attached to; the shaft 14 Y is a rod. 22.1hfaving itsj'free end pivotally-connectedtoone end of a short link :23 which, a

in turn, hasfitsothe'r end pivoted to a rod '24-'slidable in guides 25, 25. A fulcrum rod 26 113.5 one ,end' resting upon the slidable rod nearit's eateries; said rod 26 having I itsupperend pivotallyconnected to oneend "jo'f .-a'short' link 27, the other end of-sald 1 innerend, of the slidable rod 28 carries a printing hammer 30, and attached to. the

short link being pivotallygconnected to a rod- 28," slidable in guides29, 29. The free'or lower end of rod 26 is a retractile spring 31, capable of being tensioned by an adjusting screw 32, the purpose of the spring 31 being, in conjunction with spring 32 to return the rod 26, link 27, and slidable rod 28 to normal position after a character or a 1 combination of radicals have been printed.

\ having a key 33 at its upper end, and pro-.

The numeral 33 indicates a spacer-bar vided at its inner end wit a crank-arm 34 mounted on a spindle or shaft, 35, the crankarm being'pivotally connected to one end of a movable rod 36, the other end of said rod' being connectedto the lower arm of a pivoted two-arm lever 37. The other or upper arm of the two-arm lever is, attached to one end of a coil-spring 38, the other end of saidspring being attached to a standard 39 extending upwardly from the slidable rod 24, said spring serving to return the two-arm lever to its normal position after being rocked by the action of the spacer-bar. The spring '38 is provided intermediate of its length with a plate or bar 40, to which is attached an arm 41 depending from the paper- 'depressed, and thereby preserve proper carriage 42, which carriage may be of any approved construction supported upon bearings 43, 43, and provided with any suitable escapement, such for instance as shown in theHammond Patent No. 290,419, December 18, 1883. -A fixed backing 44, having a central opening '45, being provided for the paper 46 which is fed between rubber rolls 46, 46, and uided to the printingoint by the guide 4( so as to allow but one etter being printed at atime. A suitable backspacer key 48 is provided.

The front 49' of the frame of the machine, below the key 9, is provided with a number of holes 50, one for each transverse or circumferential row of characters, into which the pointer 51, depending from the key-bar 10, 1s adapted to enter when the key 9 is ing key 9'the hammer will be caused to strike the character or radical to be. impressed upon the paper.

'- To illustrate, take one of the radicals arranged on the cylinder 5, for instance the one indicated by m, which is at the left hand of the row, it will be seen that the correspondin radical on the cylinder-16 is at the right hand of the row. The cylinder 5 is rotated until the radical (0a)" is seen through the slot 52, the cylinder 5 is then in transverse line with-the similar radical .on the cylinder 16, these movements will bring the radical into printing position "on the cylinder 5, and when the key 9 is struck the radical will be imprinted upon the paper, at the same time the detent 51 will en-.'

ter the aperture 50, preserving the-proper this is done the characteror radical will be .in proper printing position, so that bystrikmoved longitudinally until the radical m is transverse alinement until the printing mechanism is tripped.

At opposite sides of the machine is a ver-lj tical shaft 53 j ournaled in suitable bearings,

and mounted thereon is a ribbon-spool '54. v The lower end of 'one shaft is provided with a gear-wheel 55 which meshes with ".a'bevelgear mounted on a shaft 56, which carries a ratchet Wheel 57 adapted to be engaged by a pawl 58 fixed. on the movable rod 36, whereby, when the spacer-key 'is depressed the ribbonis caused to be fed a single s'te i A trippingmechanism 59 59- of fany'wellknown construction, suchas show'nuin the. aforementioned Hammond patent -may be employed to trip.

Each Chinese word occuples a square'po sir tion ttIlCl'lf the word 1s composed of one char--' acter this character also occupies'a similar square osition and 1s writtenalone, and the term 0 aracter as usedin th s appl cation has the above meaning. If,,however, the

ter the component parts of theword arc knowna's radicals, and each of these radi .word is composed of more than one characcals must be of one-half or a less offa; square, 1n order that when combined with each other the resultant Word will occupy the customary square position. The term radlcal as used in this application is :to be understood as meaning ajsymbol which is used in combination with other symbols to combination, each one of these symbols or radicals may frequently be 'used alone, in whlch case they would be written to occupy a make up a word. Instead of being used in square position and according'tdthe above" I definition would then be known as charac-I ters. The symbols shown in Fig. 8 are all radicals since they each occupy less than a square position, but upon the-cylinders of the machine are also placed similar symbols but occupyin a square position, which makes them c aracters. Fig. 4 is an en'- combinm larged representation of two radicals, one on they form a word meaning forest. The

'entlre'wordoccupies a square position asexplained above. I y 4 In Fig. 6 the position of some radicals are represented at the top and others at the bot tom of the squares, each radical being indicated by the numerals 1, 2,, 3, 4, and 6. By

these various radicals, as indicated'in' ig. 7 the following words will formed. By my arrangement of separate be formed: I meaning-v-bamboo; IIa

kindof vegetable; IIIun iverse; IV-musi cal instrument; Vwheat; VIP-passed time VIImeasuring instrument; VIII-a name and IX- --pa1- of place in Shantung, China ace. Thus it will be seen that each word formed is the combination of but two radicals, and many thousand words maybe radicals onthe printingcylinder these radicals 7 may bee'asily combined to form many other different words, which so far as I am aware, has never before been accomplished by any other-apparatus known to me. To illustrate my method or system in English, I may take any number of words, for instance the three following-words, viz: expect, submit and exist; By separating; each of these words in radicals, and then by a series'of V spect, remit, sex, sit and others. My

combinations many difi'erent words may beformed, such as expect, ex1st,"exit,

submit, suspect, subs1st,- sun, b1t,,

ist, it, it i t; i i t, lr

method and arrangement possesses great advantage,'not only in' -Chmese, but in all languages in which the words are composed of radicals and not of. letters, such for instance as Japanese and Korean.

eiacte-rs and radicalsthereom'means for mov- .ing said cylinders in 'unison, and'means. for

moving one-of said cylinders independently jof the other inorder. to bring the charactersandradicals, on this 7 cylinder intoprinting {position and means associated with the other oyllnder. for mdicating when the characters and radical-sarein printing position,'-, ",2; A, printingmachine havin in combi- 113M011, a pair of, rotatable cylmders each geared wheels associated-with each cylinder and means connecting thefs aid geared wvheels whereby rotation may be imparted from one cylinder to the other.

3. A printing machine, having ,in combination a pair of rotatable cylinders each having a plurality of ciroumterential rows of characters and radicals thereon, means for-moving one of said cylinders longitudinally, means "for printing from the charac tersand radicals on said longitudinally movable cylinder, and means for rotating the cylinders in unison to bring the desiredcircumferential row of characters and radicals into printing'position.

4:. A printing machine having in combination-a pair of rotatable cylinders each having a plurality of longitudinal rows of characters and radicals thereon, means for moving one of said cylinders longitudinally, means for printing from the characters and radicals on said longitudinally movable "cyl-' and. a plurality of longitudinal .rows of characters and radicals thereon, means for moving one of said cylinders longitudinally, means for printing from the characters and radicals on said longitudinally movable cyl inder, and means for rotating the cylinders in unison to brin the desired,circumferential row and longrtudinal-rowof characters and radicals 1nto printing position.

6. A printing machine, havlng in combination upper and lower rotatable cylinders each having characters and radicals thereon, means for moving the upper cylinder longitudinally, apertures cooperating with said .Itwill be understoodthat variousmodifications or changes in the details of construction of my invention may bemade without departing from-the principlethereof. }';';Ha,ving .fully described my invention as new and desire to secureby I QLettersQPatent, is r o r L- A printing machine having in combination a pair of cylinders each having char means for locking the upper cylinder in position with ,respect to the lower cylinder, and an observationslot whereby the position of said characters and radicals may be determined.-

.7. A printing machine, having in combination upper and lower rotatable cylinders each having characters and radicals thereon; shifting bars for moving the upper cylinder longitudinally,- means for rotating the cylinders-in unison, means for printing from said characters-and radicals, and means for indicating when saidcharacters and radicals. are in printingiiposition.

,nation 1' a painjof rotatable cylinders each having characters and radicals, means for mo v1ngo ne acylinder longitudinally with 'I'especttothe'other cylinder, means for re- 8. A printing. machine, having in combi- -tatin-g-said cylinders in-unison, and means 'iforf printing from the characters and radicalson-one' of said cylinders.

- 9..-.-A printing machine, having in combination a pair of rotatable cylinders each having characters and radicals, means for moving one of said gcyhnders long tudinally with respect toithie othezqcyhnder, means 3 for rotating said cylinders in unison, means for printing. froriir tlge characters and radicals on one of said cylinders, and means for indicating when the desired characters and radicals are. 1n pr nting position;

'10. A printing machine, having in combination acyl inder with printing'characters and radicals thereon, means for bringing said characters and radicals .lnto printing position, a slida'ble member, a printing head upon said slidable member, means for holding a sheetofpaper between said cylinder and said printing hcaoh-a second slidable member", means for actuating said first slidable member from said second slidable member, and means for actuating said second slidable member. a

In testimony whereof I aflix my in-presence of two witnesses. a

' j HEUEN CHI.

.Witfiesss: CHARLEsE. J. KUNz, HERMAN E. FRANK. 

